Research · May 2026

Artificial Intelligence Quotient:

A Systematic Survey and Analytical Framework for a Nascent Multidisciplinary Construct

Wim Sweldens · University of Leuven & Kiswe Inc.
Bohang Sun · University of Cambridge
Sushma Nagaraja Grellscheid · University of Bergen & Durham University

31 May 2026

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Abstract

The term Artificial Intelligence Quotient (AIQ) has emerged across multiple disciplines including cognitive psychology, computer science, education, enterprise consulting, and marketing, each producing distinct frameworks for what AIQ is and how it should be measured. As there is no systematic comparative analysis to date, this paper surveys ten independently developed AIQ approaches and introduces a two-dimensional analytical model to differentiate them: whether AIQ is conceived as a stable trait or a perishable skill, and what each framework treats as its primary object of measurement. The analysis reveals that most frameworks cluster around a shared assumption that AIQ is best measured through performance, while calibration — the ability to accurately read where AI succeeds and fails — remains largely implicit. We argue that calibration is the central mechanism through which knowledge becomes performance, and that its absence from most frameworks represents a significant conceptual gap. The parallel emergence of AIQ across so many fields reflects a genuine shared intuition that deserves coordinated academic attention.

Finding 01
Ten frameworks, five domains
AIQ has been independently coined in cognitive psychology, computer science, education, enterprise consulting, and marketing — with minimal cross-referencing.
Finding 02
Calibration is the missing mechanism
Most frameworks measure knowledge or performance but leave calibration — the ability to accurately assess when AI can and cannot be trusted — largely implicit.
Finding 03
Trait vs. perishable skill matters
Frameworks that treat AIQ as a stable trait risk reproducing the hierarchical misuse of IQ. A perishable-skill framing is both more accurate and more equitable.
Finding 04
Temporal decay is a logical requirement
If AIQ is a perishable skill and calibration is its core, then a non-expiring credential is not just incomplete — it is actively misleading as the frontier shifts.

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